Fundamentals of fluid mechanics chapter 12 pumps and turbines jyhcherng shieh. Types, performance evaluation, efficient system operation, flow control strategies and energy conservation opportunities 6. Different types of pumps used in the world august 29, 2017 july, 2019 pankaj mishra 1 comment fluid mechanics, pump, types of. The case, which fits closely around the impeller on all but the. As noted previously, there are many types of pumps available in todays market. Different in design and application they each basically serve the same purpose, which is to move water from point a to point b. Pdf download sulzer pumps by centrifugal pump handbook. A pump after all is only a single component of a process although an important and vital one. Pump is a mechanical device which moves the fluids from one place to another by mechanical action. In other words, what are the parts or components of a pump which make it work the way it does. Valves can be categorized also based on their function.
Mechanical pumps in mechanical pumps, the gas present in a vacuum system is transferred from a low pressure to a. The rotating elements can be gears, screws or vanes. Understanding which pump type you need for your application is very important. This pump operates on the centrifugal force principle, which can be seen in operation every time you drive your car on a wet road. We will also learn how is the working of screw pump different from that of other types of pumps. Pump case the pump case or volute is designed to allow the liquid being pumped to move to the center of the impeller as well as to allow the water to be removed from the pump through the discharge. There are different types of pumps available in the market. The shaduf is the first device used for lifting water in several civilisations and thus the earliest form of pump. In almost all centrifugal pumps, the rotating shaft that drives the impeller penetrates the pressure boundary of the pump casing. Following is some of the pumps under both categories it is impossible to list all. Centrifugal pumps are designed with a rotating impeller which can be used for supplying the water into the pump and force the discharge flow. Saunders valves are ideal for restrictive or flow control duties ie valve half closed to reduce flowrate. Pumps can be characterized into three noteworthy gatherings as indicated by the strategy they use to move the liquid.
An industrial pump is typically a heavyduty process pump used to move many different types of products, including water, chemicals, petroleum, wastewater, oil, sludge, slurry or food. Generally pumps classification done on the basis of its mechanical configuration and their working principle. The positive displacement pump has more or less a constant flow regardless of the system pressure or head. All of the turbomachines involve the rotation of an impeller. Centrifugal pump handbook written by sulzer pumps is very useful for mechanical engineering mech students and also who are all having an interest to develop their knowledge in the field of design, automobile, production, thermal engineering as well as all the works related to mechanical field. Friction loss is calculated from friction charts for pipe, fittings, valves, and other special fluid carrying devices. Common types diaphragm saunders valves diaphragm valves commonly known as a saunders, after a popular brand name work on the principle of a rubber diaphragm or bladder opening and closing. It may be driven by manual operation, electricity, engines or wind power. Centrifugal pumps can be classified based on the manner in which fluid flows through the pump. Types and selection of pumps the mechanical device or arrangement by which water is caused to flow at increased pressure is known as a pump and the process of using a pump for this purpose is known as pumping. Specifically, they can be defined by the function they perform or the types of media they are suited to handle.
With seemingly endless variety of pump sizes and types on the market, it can be confusing. Every effort will be made to present commercial products in a nonbiased fashion. Centrifugal pumps are the most common types of pumps used in the oil and gas industry. Some types of pumps can be classified and selected based on the application they are designed for. In the previous article we learned about the various characteristics, main parts and special features of the rotary pumps. All of the turbomachines involve the rotation of an impeller or a rotor about a central axis, it is appropriate to. The type of pump, as well as selection, mainly depend on our requirement. The two types of pumps behave very differently regarding pressure head and flow rate. Positive displacement pumps can be of reciprocating and rotary type. Once the water has been lifted into the pump barrel the flap valve prevents backflow, and as the plunger descends the valve in it permits water to be displaced aboveand on the next stroke it is lifted and flows out of. The tire picks up water and throws it by centrifugal force against the fender. The pump performance is governed by the impeller and casing design other mechanical components serve to seal, support and protect this hydraulic system.
These pumps come in several types which includes trash, submersible, and standard models. Standard centrifugal pumps the simplest of all types, it has been in use since the 1700s. Centrifugal pump handbook book pdf by sulzer pumps limited this longawaited new edition is the complete reference for engineers and designers working on pump design and development or using centrifugal pumps in the field. Different types of pumps used in the world mechanical. Different types of valves with pdf file engineering. There are many variations on this including all kinds of equipment that can be hooked up to these systems that are not shown. The flow through the pump is controlled by discharge flow control valves. While many pumps can be found on job sites there are two very general types of water pumps in the construction industry. Various types of fire pumps are used in fire protection systems.
Mechanical engineering types and performance of pumps and compressors essam e. It is a hydraulic machine which converts mechanical energy into. Here we give just a few examples of pumps from a range of di. The types of pumps typically used for industrial purposes includes centrifugal pumps and positive displacement pumps.
Pdf centrifugal pump handbook by sulzer pumps limited. It is, essentially, the earliest form of machine, dating back to ancient egypt. Pumps and pumping system bureau of energy efficiency 1 syllabus pumps and pumping system. Since multiquip primarily targets the construction. Pdf centrifugal pump handbook by sulzer pumps free. The manner in which fluid flows through the pump is determined by the design of the pump casing and the impeller. However, the term centrifugal pump can be used to describe all impeller type rotodynamic pumps including the radial, axial and mixedflow variations. The working of all these pumps are based on the same principle, i. Further, the most used materials as well as different types of corrosion are. Types positive displacement pumps a lobe pump a positive displacement pump causes a fluid to move by trapping a fixed amount of it then forcing displacing that trapped volume into the discharge.
A pump is a device that moves fluids liquids or gases, or sometimes slurries, by mechanical. The most common type of rotodynamic pump is the centrifugal pump figure 1. In this article we will learn about the working of various types of rotary pumps, i. The pump impeller and casing are the key components of all slurry pumps. Fundamentals of fluid mechanics chapter 12 pumps and. Working guide to pumps and pumping stations calculations and simulations. All centrifugal pumps use an impeller and volute to create the. Head such as these require the pump to be at the source. A pump is a gadget that moves liquids fluids or gasses, or now and then slurries, by mechanical activity.
Types of pumps and pump terms explained mechanical pumps are the second most common machine in the world after the electric motor. Throughout chapter 1 we make a general presentation of different pump types and components. Review different pump types commonly used understand the difference between centrifugal pumps and positive displacement pumps. This authoritative guide has been developed with access to the technical expertise of the leading centrifugal pump developer, sulzer pumps. Pump types pump applications pump design equations. In a rotodynamic pump, a rotating impeller imparts energy to the fluid. This is the case with most velocity rotodynamic pumps for example, centrifugal pumps. Pumps are used to move fluids in a variety of applications. Centrifugal pumps use centrifugal force through the rotation of the pump impeller to draw fluid into the intake of the pump and force it through the discharge section via centrifugal force. Dynamic and positive displacement aka displacement. Pumps of this type are called double volute pumps they. End suction pumps end suction pumps are one of the most common types of centrifugal pumps. Fire pumps fire pumps are used to move water through a. A pump is a device which moves fluids by mechanical action, from one place to the other.
This article will assist you to know the main functionalities of each type of pump. Since pumps have been around for such a long time, it is no. From small to big applications mostly everyone is familiar with the type of pump required. Industrial pumps all pumps the leading supplier in. Various techniques are used to improve the starting behaviour of a singleacting piston. By using these pumps, all types of liquids can be pumped with lowviscosity. Centrifugal pumps usually dont have the capabilities of handling high pressure applications in comparison to other types of pumps, i. For such pumps the position of the pump should always be lower than the suction point, if not the pump should be manually filled with liquid or a secondary pump should be used until all air is removed from the suction line and the pump casing. Different types of pumps t ike many other mechanical a flatseating metal valve. Improving pumping system performance department of energy. Commonly used in irrigation, transfer,washdown and hydrpneumatic sets for open wells. Find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Positive displacement rotary pumps can be grouped into three main types.
The centrifugal pump has varying flow depending on the system pressure or head. Dynamic pumps impart velocity and pressure to the fluid as it moves past or through the pump impeller and, subsequently, convert some of that velocity into. Khalil encyclopedia of life support systems eolss 1. Bore hole and wells where the water source is many meters below ground level. The presentation will generally follow a framework of progressivelydecreasing speci. Though the construction, shape and design of gear, vane and globe pumps are a bit different, they fall under the same category of rotary pumps. Wide variety of types and styles of pd pumps all operate on the principle of filling, trapping, transporting, and forcing out. State the types of pumps used at sdgm and identify their location explain how different types of pumps work. Because there are very few manufacturers of insulin pumps and cgm devices, and because no such generic products are available, trade names will be mentioned during this presentation for clarity and in order to increase the quality of the presentation. Centrifugal pump are often associated with the radialflow type.
To help you out we have developed the guide to pumps types. Centrifugal pumps the centrifugal pump produces a head and a flow by increasing the velocity of the liquid through the machine with the help of a rotating vane impeller. The three types of flow through a centrifugal pump are radial flow, axial flow, and mixed flow. Gear pumps see wide use in car engine oil pumps and in various hydraulic power packs. The application mainly includes the type of fluid you desire to pump, the distance you desire to move the fluid, and the. Whether a plant expansion or a replacement part, were looking forward to partnering with you. There are many types of centrifugal pumps, but they all have major parts in common. Irrigation pumps, in general, are driven either by engines or electric motors. Develop pressure by increasing the velocity of the liquid. As flow increases linearly, friction increases exponentially. Click here to download classification of pumps pdf. Request pdf pump types a small, electrically powered pump a large, electrically driven pump. Positive displacement pumps generally makes more pressure than.